Retail Formats
A Brief History of White-Label Products: What Exactly Are We Talking About When We Discuss 'White-Label'?
What exactly is a 'white-label' product? In a narrow sense, the definition is clear: it refers to private labels of large retailers, with retail giants like Walmart, Aldi, and Sam's Club, as well as local brands like Hema, being the most typical examples. The boundaries of the broad 'white-label' are much fuzzier, encompassing cheap electronics from obscure e-commerce sellers, unbranded clothing similar in style to famous brands, and daily necessities marketed as 'manufactured by the original factory of a certain brand.' There are also two other terms with equally vague definitions that are often used to describe these diverse products: 'factory goods' and 'generic brands.'
江睿杰